The Wars of the Roses had just broken out; Edmund, a Lancastrian, was taken prisoner by Yorkist forces less than a year later. [69], A practical woman, when faced with problems of flooding in parts of the Fens that threatened some of her properties, she was able to initiate an ambitious drainage scheme, involving foreign engineers, that saw the construction of a large sluice at Boston. She wore robes of the same quality as the queen consort and walked only half a pace behind her. This title, previously reserved almost exclusively for queens, granted Beaufort considerable legal and social independence from men. In 1499, she changed her signature to Margaret R., perhaps to signify her royal authority (R standing either for regina – queen in Latin as customarily employed by female monarchs – or for Richmond). When the death of Prince Arthur necessitated a new heir apparent, Margaret played a part in ensuring Prince Henry was raised appropriately by selecting some members of his new household.[53]. In 1504, Margaret’s husband, Lord Stanley, died. "[41], Lady Margaret's immediate petitions were not for queenly powers of rule over others, but were two succinct demands for independence and liberty of self, which were products of expert legal advice, as opposed to a desperate desire to rule. For a time the Staffords were able to visit Margaret's son, who had been entrusted to Jasper Tudor's care at Pembroke Castle in Wales. Answers for Lady Margaret ; Henry VII's mother who founded two Cambridge colleges and was the patroness of William Caxton and his successor Wynkyn de Worde (8) crossword clue. Henry VII, having defeated Richard III and become king, had himself crowned on October 30, 1485. [57], Before her death Beaufort also left her mark on the early reign of Henry VIII; when her eighteen-year-old grandson chose members of his privy council, it was Margaret's suggestions he took. elizabethanenglandlife.com/thetudorsfacts/henry-viii-parents-information.html [9][10][11] In her will, made in 1472, Margaret refers to Edmund Tudor as her first husband. Faced with York rule once again, Margaret allegedly begged Jasper Tudor, forced to flee abroad once more, to take thirteen-year-old Henry with him. [17] It would be fourteen years before Beaufort saw her son again. So was his mother, the thirteen-year-old Lady Margaret Beaufort, great-granddaughter on the wrong side of the blanket of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, by Katherine Swynford. Her will provided for the continuing support for that project. Margaret's mother was pregnant at the time of Somerset's death, but the child did not survive and Margaret remained the sole heir. Under canon law, Margaret was not bound by her first marriage contract as she was entered into the marriage before reaching the age of twelve. While Margaret's position in the royal court was, to some extent, an expression of gratitude by her son, she was likely far less the passive recipient of Henry's favor one might expect. Birth and family. [5], Upon her first birthday, the king broke the arrangement with Margaret's father and granted the wardship of her extensive lands to William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk, although Margaret herself remained in the custody of her mother. As the eldest daughter of Edward IV with no surviving brothers, Elizabeth of York had a strong claim to the throne in her own right, but she did not assume the throne as queen regnant. Margaret also urged that Catherine learn French before coming to England so that she could communicate with her new family. His mother, now 42 years old, reportedly wept at the coronation. William Dugdale, the 17th-century antiquary, suggested that she had been born in 1441, based on evidence of inquisitions post mortem taken after the death of her father. Henry VIII, which airs on Channel 5 at 9pm tonight, reveals an unearthed drawing depicting the royal's emotional reaction to his mother's passing when he was just 10 years old. In her later years, Margaret Beaufort was noted for both ruthlessness in defending and extending her land and property, and for responsible oversight of her lands and improving them for her tenants. She bought both romances and religious texts from Caxton. She was thus instrumental in orchestrating the rise to power of the Tudor dynasty, which would produce two of Britain's most famous monarchs: Henry VIII (her paternal grandson) and Elizabeth I. She is buried in the Henry VII Chapel of the Abbey. As his only surviving child, Margaret was heiress to his considerable fortune and inheritor of his contested claim to the throne. His mother, Lady Margaret Beaufort, who was no more than thirteen at his birth, was a great-granddaughter of John of Gaunt, and second cousin of the half-blood to the King, Henry VI.She was her … Her son had named her his chief executor in his will. The power she exercised was evidently obvious; a report from Spanish envoy Pedro de Ayala dating to 1498 claimed Henry was "much influenced by his mother and his followers in affairs or personal interest and in others." Margaret carried Anne's train at the coronation. Her lavishly illuminated Book of Hours is open before her, with its protective cloth wrapper (called a "chemise" binding), spread out around it. However, her husband failed to stop Margaret's continued communication with her son. 1516-1558. Crowning Henry VII After the Battle of Bosworth c 1889. Also in 1502, Margaret gave a grant to Cambridge to found the Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, and John Fisher became the first to occupy the chair. ThoughtCo, Aug. 26, 2020, thoughtco.com/margaret-beaufort-king-henry-vii-mother-3530616. Again, Beaufort was allowed some visits to her son. Erasmus, in writing about his friend the Bishop, Saint John Fisher, praised Margaret’s support of religious institutions and the Bishop,[29] further attesting the simultaneously pragmatic and charitable nature testified in the funerary sermon dedicated by the Bishop himself, as laid out in a following section. For more details, see our Privacy Policy. Their first son , Arthur, was born almost exactly nine months later, on September 19, 1486. The Countess was known for her education and her piety. Capitalising on the political upheaval of the period, she actively manoeuvred to secure the crown for her son. [66], In 1502 she endowed a lectureship in divinity at the University of Oxford, first held by John Roper; it became the Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, held concurrently with a canonship at Christ Church, Oxford. [citation needed], The Countess always respected the name and memory of Edmund as the father of her only child. We will try to find the right answer to this particular crossword clue. Involvements in Religion, Family, Property. He was born at Pembroke Castle in Wales on 28th January 1457. She was allowed to own property separately from her husband (as though she were unmarried) and sue in court – two rights denied her contemporary married women. Learn more about Henry VII’s life, reign, and accomplishments in this article. In 1497, the priest John Fisher became her personal confessor and friend. While married to Lord Stanley Margaret endowed the building of chapels in Wales. John Fisher became the Chancellor at Cambridge, and Margaret began giving the gifts that would establish the re-founded Christ’s College, under the king’s charter. In June 1472, Margaret married Thomas Stanley, the Lord High Constable and King of Mann. In, harvnb error: no target: CITEREFCollinsonRexStanton1993 (, Humphrey Stafford, 1st Duke of Buckingham, Queen Elizabeth's School, Wimborne Minster, Lady Margaret's Professorship of Divinity, http://www.lmh.ox.ac.uk/about-lmh/history-and-archives/college-timeline, Westminster Abbey: Coronation of Richard III, his story, her story: Interview with Amy Licence, "Lady Margaret Professorship of Divinity, Christ Church, Oxford", National Archives. [citation needed], As Somerset was a tenant-in-chief of the crown, the wardship of his heir fell to the crown under the feudal system. There is speculation that Elizabeth conflicted with Henry’s mother, Margaret Beaufort, who was (besides the Queen herself) the first lady at court. Henry's mother was Lady Margaret Beaufort (1443-1509), and his father was Edmund Tudor. Margaret Beaufort, King's Mother. Edward IV was King of England. Beaufort was well rewarded for her lifelong endeavors; her son’s first Parliament reversed the attainder against her and named her a “feme sole”. She was of syngular Easyness to be spoken unto, and full curtayse answere she would make to all that came unto her. In October, Beaufort’s scheme proved unsuccessful; the Duke was executed and Tudor was forced back across the English Channel. Biographers Jones and Underwood claim the entirety of Beaufort’s life can be understood in the context of her "deeply-felt love and loyalty to her son". [22] Seeking her son’s return to England, Margaret appears to have negotiated with Richard. It gave her complete independence and control over her own lands and finances. [35], As arranged by their mothers, Henry married Elizabeth of York. [16] Soon, however, Edward was back in power. She was given the wardship of the young Duke of Buckingham, Edward Stafford, son of her late ally (and her late husband’s nephew), Henry Stafford, whose title was restored by Henry VII. She was regularly visited by her husband, who had rooms reserved for him. Like Edward IV and his court, she was also involved with the advances in printing of William Caxton and his successor Wynkyn de Worde, not only as a patroness but for her own acquisition. A woman who was certainly influential in early modern England, was Margaret Beaufort. Warwick’s continued insurrection resulted in the brief reinstallation of the Lancastrian Henry VI in 1470-71, which was effectively ended with the Yorkist victory at the Battle of Barnet. Both effectively rendered Margaret, as her biographers Jones and Underwood write, "a pawn in the unstable political atmosphere of the Lancastrian court". With her son crowned Henry VII of England, Lady Margaret wielded a considerable degree of political influence and personal autonomy – both unusual for a woman of her time. SD Margaret Beaufort Middle School, Riseley, A short profile of Margaret alongside other influential women of her time, Margaret Beaufort's patronage of theatre and/or music, The school that was established in honour of Lady Margaret Beaufort's will, "Richmond and Derby, Margaret, Countess of", Project Continua: Biography of Margaret Beaufort, "Lady Margaret Beaufort and the Art of the Book", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lady_Margaret_Beaufort&oldid=1018125334, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2017, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2020, Articles with unsourced statements from January 2021, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the ODNB, Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference, Wikipedia articles with BIBSYS identifiers, Wikipedia articles with CANTIC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with PLWABN identifiers, Wikipedia articles with SUDOC identifiers, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. [56] She arranged her son's funeral and her grandson's coronation. Henry VII, having defeated Richard III and become king, had himself crowned on October 30, 1485. You can find out more information about Elizabeth of York at “Happy Birthday and RIP Elizabeth of York”, but here is some background on Henry VIII’s beloved mother. Search for crossword clues found in the Daily Celebrity, NY Times, Daily Mirror, Telegraph and major publications. In his chronicle, Polydore Vergil assessed the partnership between the Tudor king and his mother, noting that Henry gave her a share of most of his public and private resources, contrary to any assertion that Margaret desired greater power. He was born in secret and his arrival was unmarked by most of the nation. In response to her betrayal, Richard passed an act of Parliament stripping Margaret of all her titles and estates, declaring her guilty of the following: "Forasmoch as Margaret Countesse of Richmond, Mother to the Kyngs greate Rebell and Traytour, Herry Erle of Richemond, hath of late conspired, consedered, and comitted high Treason ayenst oure Soveraigne Lorde the King Richard the Third, in dyvers and sundry wyses, and in especiall in sendyng messages, writyngs and tokens to the said Henry… Also the said Countesse made chevisancez of greate somes of Money… and also the said Countesse conspired, consedered, and imagyned the destruction of oure said Soveraign Lorde...”[32], Richard did, however, stop short of a full attainder by transferring Margaret’s property to her husband, Lord Stanley. Her tomb is now situated between the later graves of William III and Mary II and the tomb of Mary, Queen of Scots. 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